Iron-deficiency anemia treatment, nursing interventions, pathophysiology, and symptoms NCLEX review lecture. Iron deficiency anemia is a type of anemia caused by low iron levels in the body. Anemia is a condition where there is a low amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the body. Red blood cells and hemoglobin are responsible for the transport of oxygen throughout the body to the tissues and organs. Iron is responsible for making hemoglobin. When iron levels are low in the body red blood cells and hemoglobin do not work properly which leads the patient to feel symptoms of lethargy, pallor, tachycardia, weird food cravings (ice, clay, dirt), inflammation of the tongue (glossitis), nail changes such as koilonychia (spoon-shape of the nails) etc. Treatment for iron-deficiency anemia includes iron supplementation, increasing iron in the diet with foods rich in iron (such as egg yolks, red meats, poultry, shellfish, fish, legumes, seeds etc), and prevention. The causes of iron-deficiency anemia include poor intake of iron (as with pregnancy, vegetarian diet, or malnourishment), blood loss (GI bleed, menstruation), or absorption issues (as with Celiac disease, GI surgery etc). It is diagnosed with complete blood count (CBC), iron level, or blood smear to assess the RBC which may appear hypochromic (pale) and microcytic (small). Don’t forget to take the free NCLEX review quiz.
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