Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) nursing review for how this system manages the blood pressure via the kidneys.
The RAAS helps manage the blood pressure, especially when the blood pressure is too low.
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When the body senses the blood pressure is too low the sympathetic nervous system will sends nerve impulses to the juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys. These cells will release renin.
When renin enters the circulation, it will cause a substance in the liver to become activated called angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen will turn into angiotensin I. As angiotensin I presents in the system it will signal to ACE (angiotensin-converting-enzyme) to convert the angiotensin I into angiotensin II.
Angiotensin II is a major vasoconstrictor that will cause vasoconstriction and trigger the adrenal gland and pituitary gland to release substances to help increase blood volume.
The adrenal gland will release aldosterone, which will cause the kidneys to keep sodium and water. The pituitary gland will release ADH (antidiuretic hormone), which will cause the kidneys to keep water. All of this together will increase systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure.
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