Calcium channel blockers nursing pharmacology review of the mechanism of action, side effects, nursing implications, and patient education. These reviews will discuss the Dihydropyridine vs Nondihydrophyridine in terms of calcium channel blockers.
Calcium channel blockers block the L-type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle, cardiac myocytes, and cardiac nodal tissue.
Therefore, the mechanism of action for calcium channel blockers are to cause vasodilation of the coronary and peripheral arteries, decrease the strength of heart contractions, decrease the function of the SA (slow the heart rate) and AV (slow the speed of electrical conduction) nodes.
In other words, calcium channel blockers have a negative inotropic, negative chronotropic, and negative dromotropic effect on the heart.
It is important to note that some types of calcium channel blockers are more selective to the vascular smooth muscle, while some calcium channel blockers are more selective the myocardium.
Dihydropyridine are more selective to the vascular smooth muscle. This includes amlodipine, felodipine, and nifedipine. Nondihydrophyridine are more selective to the myocardium. This includes Verapamil and Diltiazem.
Side effects of calcium channel blockers include: hypotension, bradycardia, EKG changes (first degree AV block), constipation, reflex tachycardia etc.
Please watch the video for nursing implication of calcium channel blockers.
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