Chvostek’s sign (positive vs negative) example, which can occur in hypocalcemia (low calcium levels in blood). You may have heard of Chvostek’s sign while studying fluid and electrolytes in nursing school.
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Chvostek’s sign is a specific type of facial muscle twitching that occurs when cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve) is manually stimulated by tapping the finger over the masseter muscle of the jaw.
A positive Chvostek sign demonstrates hyper-excitability of the facial nerve. This is not to be confused with Trousseau’s sign of latent tetany, which is another way to assess for hypocalcemia.
If no facial twitching occurs during the assessment, it is considered a negative Chvostek sign.
A positive Chvostek sign can occur when a patient is experiencing hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia can occur for many reasons, such as lack of calcium in the diet, low vitamin D levels, thyroidectomy, chronic kidney disease, and medications such as antibiotics, anticonvulsants, or bisphosphonates.
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